Análise geoambiental da área de proteção ambiental do Pratagy, Alagoas – Brasil

Abstract

Conservation units are essential for maintaining ecosystem services and protecting natural resources and biodiversity. However, in Brazil, there are a series of challenges regarding the management of these territorial units, such as the absence of management plans; insufficient supervision, monitoring and resources; and low social engagement. Therefore, this work aims to analyze the geoenvironmental characteristics of the Pratagy Environmental Protection Area, located in the state of Alagoas. To this end, bibliographical research was carried out, which addressed the conceptual aspects relating to geoenvironmental analysis, conservation units and geoprocessing applied to the environment. Subsequently, morphometric characterization was carried out, based on geometric, relief and drainage parameters. As for geomorphological mapping, it included geological, pedological and geomorphological units. In the analysis of land cover, images from the MapBiomas system were used for the years 1985, 1998 and 2022, in order to identify past and current use and occupation patterns. With regard to geology, the APA stands out for the prominent presence of the Barreiras Formation. The predominant geomorphological class is that of dissected trays and trays, while in terms of pedology, the Yellow Oxisol represents the main soil class in the region. The characteristic river flow is exorheic, with a dendritic drainage pattern. The gentle wavy and wavy slope classes predominate, indicating a certain susceptibility to erosion processes. In relation to land use and coverage, significant dynamics can be observed, with emphasis on the advancement of urbanization and the recovery of vegetation cover. These aspects highlight the importance of demarcating the APA for the protection of natural resources. However, they also highlight the ineffectiveness of management and inspection mechanisms.