Biocompatibilidade dos cimentos endodônticos: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Endodontic treatment consists of the elimination and reduction of microorganisms in the root canal system, through instrumentation, disinfection with an auxiliary chemical solution and filling with endodontic cements, with the filling stage being responsible for sealing and filling the spaces of the root canal systems. root canals by an hermetic seal with therapeutic effects, with the use of cements that are biocompatible with periapical tissues being extremely important. OBJECTIVE: To compare the biocompatibility of different endodontic cements available on the market. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Articles published in English were selected in the PubMed and Medline databases, using the descriptors: “Biocompatibility and Bioactivity”, “Biocompatibility and Endodontic Cement” and “Bioactivity and Endodontic Cement” and were obtained 565 articles between 2014 and 2024, of which 20 were selected based on the study's inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS: When evaluating the biocompatibility of endodontic cements, it was observed that they have distinct advantages, such as antimicrobial properties, tissue regeneration capacity and low toxicity. Bioceramic cements and MTA have excellent biological properties, promoting a regenerative response in the body. Calcium hydroxide, zinc oxide and eugenol based cements are valued for their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, despite potential irritating effects on periapical tissues. Resin-based cements demonstrate good fluidity and radiopacity. CONCLUSION: It was observed that silicate-based endodontic cements, bioceramics, presented the best results due to their excellent biocompatibility, bioactivity and resistance in bonding with root dentin.