O discurso sobre a mineração em Alagoas, o caso Braskem: capitalismo, ideologia e disputa de sentidos

Abstract

This thesis goals to describe/analyse the effects of meaning produced by mining’s discourse in Alagoas, mobilized by the socio-environmental crime promoted company Braskem, visible from the year 2018 in Maceió, Alagoas State. Therefore, this research is affiliated to materalist Discourse Analysis (DA), inicially proposed and developed in France by Michel Pêcheux, as a theoretical-methodological perspective for treating discoursive processes. Conceived as a political practice determined by specific production condictions, and realized by socio historically constituted subjects, the discourse has been treated in DA as an effect of meaning between speakers. The corpus of this research was constructed by heterogeneous nature linguistic surfaces, including adversiting, propagandistic and journalistic materials made to internet, radio and TV circulation, by audiovisual artistic artifacts and by popular inscriptions in public spaces, as grafitti. Beyond to the operacciolization of DA’s theoretical and analytical devices, the analyses process also mobilized other contributions, such as Historical-Dialetical aterialism, studies on the Latin America Mining Genealogy and the Decolonial Studies. This way, authors such as Marx (2017a, 2017b), Marx and Engels (2005, 2007), Althusser (1980, 1983), Foster (2011), Harvey (2014), Galeano (1983), Aráoz (2020) and Quijano (2005) were crucial for deepening the understanding of this thesis’s object. Through our analyzes, this research asserts that the mining’s discourse in Alagoas, whose referent is the territorial/community colapse to five residential neighborhoods, constitutes parts of the coloniality devices that aim to keep the political-economic order founded in colonial period. Based on specific production condictions, which include its presence in major media outlets in Alagoas, that discourse produces a set of “evidences” that blames nature/land for the event, and signifies the mining’s practices as a “partner of society and State”. Thus, the thesis defended with this research is that the mining’s discourse, as a coloniality device, works to guarantee the mineralogical exploration continuity in Alagoas. Despite the meanings’s effects produced by this hegemonic discourse, this reasearch concludes that the respective discourse process is also crossed by drifts in the field of meanings, opening the possibility to a discoursive event in witch revolt and resistance emerge from new subject-forms, producing new knowledge domains about mining.