Aproveitamento dos resíduos da indústria cerâmica para aplicação em reações catalíticas

Abstract

The ceramic industry is one of the fastest growing sectors today, leading to a considerable accumulation of ceramic waste. Therefore, it is possible to find different ways of reusing this waste in different areas, including catalysis, tubular ceramic membrane, etc., making it a promising material for the industrial area. Thus, the following research aims to study the physicochemical characteristics of ceramic waste, tiles and bricks, as well as to synthesize catalysts based on waste and metals Cu, Ni and Fe. catalysts supported on ceramic waste for potential reuse. Tile and brick waste were characterized, and then the catalysts were synthesized through the impregnation of 10% by mass of Cu, Ni and Fe in the waste, which acted as support, with subsequent calcination at 650 °C. The support and catalysts were characterized through TGA/DTA, XRF, XRD, N2 physisorption and H2-TPR. TGA/DTA characterizations showed mass loss curves of catalytic precursors (Cu/T; Fe/T; Ni/T) up to 400˚C. The XRD analyzes of the catalysts prepared and the support showed characteristic peaks of Cu, Ni and Fe in the oxide phases, in addition, it showed the presence of silicon oxide, being the most intense. The EDX study of tile and brick residue showed the presence of Si, Fe, Al, K and Ti, with Si being the most abundant in the SiO2 quartz phase, as shown in the XRD analysis. The TPR profiles of the catalysts showed a reduction at temperatures below 600 °C, representing an advantage for industrial applications, as they would have lower energy expenditure and less hydrogen consumption. The Ni/TC catalyst showed a single consumption of H2 in its TPR profile, with a maximum at 456˚C. Two peaks were found in Cu/T, at 344˚C and 454˚C, attributed to twostage reduction of CuO. For Fe/T, a two-step reduction was also observed, with peaks at 333˚C and 440˚C. Model and glycerol conversion reactions must be developed to study the effect of these properties on the activity and selectivity of catalysts.