Sistema agroalimentar e uso de agrotóxicos: perspectiva jurídica internacional e práticas alternativas

Abstract

The production of human wealth, obtained through labor, is the result of the metabolism promoted by the interaction between humans and nature. In the face of this logic, capitalism fails to consider the ecological costs generated by the emergence of commodity production. An example of this is the Green Revolution, initially presented as an advancement and modernization in agricultural productivity, but which, in reality, became one of the main contributors to the globalization of synthetic chemical inputs, such as fertilizers and pesticides, with detrimental consequences to human health and the environment. In this project, the methodology of materialist dialectics plays an essential but subsidiary role compared to the description of social facts and phenomena. The investigation aims to expose the spread of agrochemicals from the perspective of capitalist political and economic dynamics, as International Environmental Law acts less incisively in regulations with the aim of reconciling the essentially conflicting goals of capitalist economic development and sustainability. As an effective alternative, ecosocialism emerges as a radical and strategic proposal, resulting from the convergence of ecological and socialist reflections. In line with this model, the agroecological system is an approach that integrates agronomic, ecological, and socioeconomic principles, presented as an antagonistic movement to the predatory poisoning dynamics of the land, as it implements a mode of production based on food security.