Revisão sistemática simplificada dos impactos ambientais gerados devido a deposição irregular de resíduos da construção civil

Abstract

The construction industry in Brazil is recognized for generating benefits as economic developments. According to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of civil construction grew 9.7% in 2021, after recording a 6.3% drop in 2020. The increase in construction activity brings as a consequence the high consumption of raw materials and the generation of waste from construction, renovations, repairs and demolition, also known as RCDs, which are usually composed of: ceramic blocks, concrete, wood, plywood bricks, mortar and plaster. In situations that are not disposed of correctly, these residues have negative impacts on the environment. For this study, a literature review was conducted that included the analysis of national and international publications more relevant and current on the disposal of civil construction residues and their main impacts and control techniques, enabling reflection and synthesis of knowledge on the subject, as well as proposition of its applicability in our context. Among the main observations, we highlight the high concentration of RCDs in the same areas of disposal of municipal solid waste, increasing the damage to public health and environmental sanitation due to the appearance of disease vectors, soil contamination and risks of aquifer contamination, especially in rainy periods, by transport or infiltration. Thus, it becomes of great importance the investment in labor training to reduce losses within construction sites, in addition to encouraging reuse practices.