Caracterização dos eventos adversos pós vacinação contra o Sars-Cov 2 em puérperas

Abstract

The immunization of postpartum women against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is essential to protect maternal and child health. This study investigates post-vaccination events in this group, taking into account physiological and immunological particularities. Scientific advancements strengthen post-vaccination care strategies for postpartum women. Characterizing post-vaccination events in this group directly impacts care for this population. Such progress is fundamental in reinforcing post-vaccination strategies during the postpartum period. Therefore, this study aims to characterize adverse events following vaccination against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in postpartum women. It is a descriptive, exploratory, and quantitative study using secondary data from adverse event reports after vaccination in postpartum women in Alagoas. It analyzed 13 reported cases between 2021 and 2022, involving postpartum women who had been vaccinated against COVID-19. All vaccines used in Brazil during this period were considered in the analysis. The research evaluated post-vaccination events in postpartum women in the state of Alagoas, encompassing various age groups, ethnicities, and the administration of different types of vaccines. Among the observed adverse events were symptoms such as fever, myalgia, chills, edema, diarrhea, headache, dry cough, dry throat, abdominal pain, flushing, asthenia, limb pain, age inappropriateness, and there were also some cases with missing information. A significant finding of the study was the identification of postpartum women who were also healthcare professionals, emphasizing the importance of vaccination for both pandemic control and maternal and child health. Based on the results, it is evident that post-vaccination adverse events in postpartum women are predominantly mild, self-limiting, and transient, reinforcing the importance of immunization in this group. Characterizing these events is crucial for informed decision-making and public health promotion, playing a significant role in the fight against the Coronavirus Disease pandemic and in building a healthier future for postpartum women, their families, and the general population.