A permanência no tratamento de infecção por HIV com uso de antirretrovirais: análise das campanhas de saúde e dos preditores comportamentais

Abstract

The present study will result in the production of a Master's thesis in Psychology. In general, the objective is to identify factors that may contribute to the permanence in the treatment of HIV infection with the use of antiretrovirals. More precisely, the aim is to identify how official health campaigns on HIV/AIDS address the issue of treatment with the use of antiretrovirals; analyze the beliefs of people living with HIV/AIDS about official health campaigns on the subject; and to analyze the beliefs of people living with HIV/AIDS related to the behavior of remaining in treatment with the use of antiretrovirals. To achieve the defined objectives, two stages will be carried out. The first consists of an analysis of infographic materials from health campaigns on HIV and/or AIDS released and made available for download on the Ministry of Health website. The second stage consisted of surveying the beliefs of 28 people living with HIV who are undergoing treatment with the use of antiretrovirals. In this study, the instrument used will be a structured interview script in online format, consisting of two parts. The first part will present sociodemographic and clinical questions. The second part will present open questions, focusing on the analysis of health campaigns and the behavioral determinants postulated by the Theory of Planned Action (TPA). Data from both studies will be analyzed from processing in Iramuteq software. The results of Step I identified that one of the main government strategies disseminated in health campaigns on HIV/AIDS has been prevention, especially with the incentive to use condoms. Treatment is presented as a possible option after a positive diagnosis for HIV, but information about its management and mode of operation are less frequent. In Stage II, the Behavioral Beliefs pointed primarily to the advantages considered by the research participants, based on terms such as “life”, “undetectable” and “health”. The Control Beliefs presented terms referring to factors that can facilitate the permanence in treatment - such as the distribution of medications free of charge and follow-up through the Unified Health System - or make it difficult, such as access to necessary tests and side effects of medications. Finally, the Normative Beliefs showed that “family” and “friends” appear as influencing groups for staying in treatment in the responses evoked by the subjects. It is expected that the results provide subsidies for the creation of intervention strategies and effective public policies aimed at caring for people living with HIV.