Identificação das complicações pós-operatórias da revascularização miocárdica: revisão Integrativa

Abstract

Introduction: Myocardial revascularization surgery is an intervention aimed at restoring blood flow to compromised areas of the heart through the coronary arteries. Despite being considered a procedure that aims to improve the patient's quality of life, there are possibilities of complications arising from the body's predisposition, the surgery itself, or the patient's post-operative recovery. Objective: To identify complications in the literature regarding post-operative myocardial revascularization in adults and the elderly. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review, with the following guiding question established: "What are the complications of post operative myocardial revascularization?" The literature search was conducted in June 2023, using the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Scopus, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, and Nursing Database. Results: The final sample of this study consisted of 17 articles, predominantly indexed in the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature database. The year 2018 had the highest concentration of publications, with Brazil being the predominant country for conducting the studies. The majority of the articles had a recommendation grade of B associated with evidence level 2C. The main complications found in this study were cardiac, pulmonary, neurological, metabolic, infectious, and renal. Conclusion: This study could contribute to professionals' reflection on the primary post-operative complications of myocardial revascularization. It could support the development of protocols and flowcharts to minimize patient risks and provide knowledge for team training, thus promoting health education and improved healthcare assistance.