Redução do escoamento superficial em uma pequena bacia urbana em função da quantidade de lotes com aproveitamento de água do telhado e da demanda da água para usos não potáveis

Abstract

The unsustainability of disorderly urban growth reflects on the cities drainage, increasing the rates of soil sealing and, thus, the reduction of evapotranspiration, underground runoff and reduction of watershed concentration time. These phenomena cause floods, inundations, and socio-environmental problems that can be reduced through new perspectives on drainage systems. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the changes in surface runoff in the sub-basin of Riacho Pau D'Arco, located in Maceió/AL, due to the application of low-impact development techniques such as a rainwater harvesting system from rooftops (SAAP). For this purpose, a reference scenario proposed by Neto (2022) and two additional scenario sets were considered: one with an increase in the water use demand studied by the author and the other with an increase in the number of lots with SAAP. The sets of scenarios were continuously simulated using the EPA Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), and graphs were constructed to analyze the reduction in the discharged volume and peak flow in the proposed scenarios. Despite there was a reduction in the generation of surface runoff and peak flows, the results would not be sufficient to prevent flooding in the basin, although they may contribute to reducing these events downstream.