O mito do Sísifo empreendedor: o movimento histórico-ontológico do racionalismo ao irracionalismo na perspectiva lukácsiana

Abstract

This thesis aimed to understand how the reason or the misery of the reason produced by the prevailing order of bourgeois sociability was being built throughout the very process of capital development, aiming at the maintenance of political and economic power, of class society, now on the legacy of financial capital and neoliberalism. In order to do so, at first we sought to understand the development of the Enlightenment reason, as an integral part of the great economic, social and political project of the bourgeoisie, in the universalization of its values; as well as the legitimation of the new explanatory models of the world, so marked by private property, wage labor, and the irrevocable defense of the freedom of the individual. Then, it presents arguments about some of the determinants of how the bourgeoisie, after 1848, placed itself as a counter-revolutionary class, leading it to a process of ideological decay, which, according to Lukács, was an international phenomenon, and not just a particular event of Germany, considered the main stage of the production of reactionary ideology. Finally, we sought to reflect on the decadence of the perspective of a bourgeois world and its intransigent defense of irrationalism, which culminates in Nazi fascism in the first half of the twentieth century the ascendancy of the extreme right in the course of the twenty-first century. The thesis is concluded from the analysis of the path taken by the history of the human being, not as a museum of the past, but as an integral part of the present, which must imply a leap into the future.