Inibidores da 3CLpro do vírus SARS-COV-2: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are viruses belonging to Coronaviridae family (subfamily: Coronavirinae) and Nidovirales order. SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for causing COVID-19, which began in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and was declared a pandemic in March 2020. Among the forms of contamination, one can mention contaminated objects, droplets expelled in the air, and direct contact with the infected individual (inhalation of aerosols). SARS-CoV- 2 has three structural and 16 non-structural proteins, in which the main protease (3CLpro) plays a crucial role in the replication of this virus. Thus, the inhibition of this target is characterized as a promising starting point for the development of antiviral compounds, in addition to vaccines. So, the objective of this work was to compile studies through research in the literature on SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro inhibitors and organize them according to their origin, which can be natural, synthetic, semi-synthetic, and obtained by virtual screening. The choice of studies was based on searches in the Science Direct, Google Scholar, Springer, PubMed, Nature, SciFinder databases and the choices of scientific material by Keywords, and inclusion/exclusion criteria. Thus, it was possible to compile and find studies of the four different origins of SARS-COV-2 3CLpro inhibitors. Finally, the present work represents a rich source of access to several scientific researches focused on the development of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro inhibitors for therapeutic purposes, which through the vision of medicinal chemistry these molecules can be used for future studies in order to have promising compounds for drug development.