Desenvolvimento e dependência na América Latina: versões weberiana e marxista de análise

Abstract

The dissertation entitled "Development and Dependence in Latin America: weberian and Marxist versions of analysis" investigates the emergence of developmentalist ideas and proposals in Brazil and Latin America and their relationship with the Theory of Dependence, from the rescue of the weberian and Marxist versions of analysis. It is guided by theoretical research, using bibliographic and documentary research as methodological procedure, whose reference are the classical works on Brazilian and Latin American developmentalism and the Theory of Dependence. The process of establishing developmentalist ideas is rescued, highlighting the identity between the elaboration of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean/ ECLAC, the Higher Institute of Brazilian Studies/ISEB and the Brazilian Communist Party/ PCB. This identity is verified from the perspective of the developmentalist program that sought to break down the barriers of economic and political subordination of the national states located on the periphery of capitalism. In this context, the methodological critique of ECLAC developmentalism by Fernando Henrique Cardoso and Enzo Faletto is identified through the analysis of Dependence and Development in Latin America (1967), in which the authors develop a theoretical counterpoint in their understanding of the particularities of underdevelopment and present the thesis of associated dependency. Finally, the authors of the Marxist Theory of Dependence are highlighted. This theoretical formulation also criticizes developmentalism, but in a different way from the weberian version of Cardoso and Faletto. The study of the works of the main authors of this version, especially Andre Gunder Frank, Ruy Mauro Marini, Theotônio dos Santos and Vânia Bambirra, express the Marxist critique of the weberian version of dependence, which develop a bold interpretation of the particularities, limits and possibilities of peripheral dependent capitalism.