Tratamentos medicamentosos para prevenção de pré-eclâmpsia: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

According to the World Health Organization, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are in second place among the causes of maternal deaths in the world, in addition to representing more than 16% of maternal deaths in developing countries. From an epidemiological point of view, the most important hypertensive disorder of pregnancy is pre-eclampsia (PE). The present study aimed to identify the main treatments for the prevention of PE. A literature review was carried out, using the PubMed database, with the following keywords: “Calcium AND Preeclampsia” and “Preeclampsia * / prevention”. 45 articles were included and analyzed, in which the use of low-dose aspirin, aspirin combined with heparin, calcium carbonate with aspirin, calcium carbonate with conjugated linoleic acid, folic and multivitamin acid, calcium with vitamin D, supplementation of calcium carbonate, vitamin D, enoxaparin, antithrombin, vitamin supplementation, L-arginine with antioxidants, omega-3 and zinc as an intervention to prevent PE. It was observed that the use of low aspirin dose before 16 weeks of gestation and supplementation with high doses of calcium can reduce the risk of PE. Other interventions did not show statistically significant results or did not reduce the incidence of PE. Currently, no intervention presents evidence to prevent PE, the efforts made in the search for a therapeutic option that is comprehensive for a diverse audience are extremely valid.