Avaliação da atividade antinoceciptiva e anti-inflamatória da galectina-1 : uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Pain and inflammation are the main causes of the consumption of analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs, this pharmacotherapy has several side effects, between them, gastrointestinal and cardiac problems. That way, becames necessary to study new alternative therapies that provide a higher percentage of safety for patients. Galectins are proteins of the Lectin family, expressed in normal and pathological tissues. Being considered a multifunctional molecule, participating in several biological processes, including control of cell signaling, proliferation and cell cycles, apoptosis, tumor genesis, pathogen-host interactions and T-cell homeostasis. The presente study had as objective to evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of Galectin-1 through a literature review of in vitro and in vivo studies. The review was elaborated from articles found in the following databases: ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, CAPES journals and Scientific electronic library online (SCIELO), published in the period from 2012 to 2019. From the analysis made it was possible to observe that the Gal-1 shows promising results in mice with Parkinson's disease, by decreasing microglia activation; in animals with chronic inflammation in the liver evaluated by cell count, analysis of gene expression by RNA and proteins, presenting the consequences of the loss of Gal-1 in the course of inflammation; in mice with acute myocardial infarction and cardiac insufficiency, positive effects were shown in cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia and in the limitation of myocardial inflammation; dendritic cells combined with Gal-1 and apoptotic lymphocytes were also analyzed using an allograft model in the liver, and it is possible to conclude that the transfusion of DCGal-1-AL decreased the risk of rejection in liver transplantation; in the study carried out using an experimental model of allergic conjunctivitis it was found that the rats with combined treatment of Gal-1 obtained a decrease in inflammatory proteins, and consequently, control of the inflammatory response.