Correlação entre desempenho motor e acadêmico de escolares de uma escola pública municipal da cidade de Maceió, AL

Abstract

The infancy and adolescence represent the most significant periods in the development process of the human being in the global context, considering that it occurs in those periods a large development of the motor movements and it is the starting point of the all cognitive development growth. It is partially influenced by maturational development and environmental context. Objectives: a) To evaluate the motor development (MD) from the application of a series of tests of body coordination for children Körperkoordinations-test für Kinder (KTK); b) to verify the academic performance (AP) in Portuguese and Math subjects and C) To identify potential associations or not between MD and AP. Methods: It has been visited 3 public schools in Maceió – Alagoas which are part of the program Residência Pedagócica (RP) managed by the Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL). It has been selected the school field with the highest number of enrollments of schoolchildren aged 6 to 14 years and with better results in the basic education development index in 2018 (IDEB). The data collection process consisted of three phases: a) characterization of the selected schoolchildren for study; b) KTK motor performance test application and verification from the academic newsletters of the AP mean and c) analysis of the results. 101 schoolchildren participated (n=44 male and 57 female), 25 (24.7%) aged between 6-8 years; 14 (13.8%) between 9 and 12 years old and 62 (61.3%) aged >13. Were selected students of the second, fifth and ninth year for being subject to national test evaluation of the AP. Na analysis of the data was made based in the verification of the existence of significant association between MD variables in relation to AP. Treatment was used statistic using Stata 13.0 software, descriptive statistics with distribution of absolute (n) and relative (%) frequency, 95% confidence interval (95% CI), mean, deviation standard (DP), minimum and maximum. To compare the mean MD score according to the AP (Portuguese, math and Portuguese / math junction notes), the analysis was used of variance (One-Way ANOVA), with post-hoc analysis using the Bonferroni test (p < 0.05) to identify differences between groups. From the application of the KTK, results showed that of the total sample of 101 students, 95 are in need coordination, being: 55.4% (n = 56) with coordinative disorder and 38.6% (n = 39) with coordinative insufficiency. Only 5.9% (n = 6) had normal coordination. For the AP in Portuguese the average was 8.4 ± 1.4 and 8.4 ± 1.5 for mathematics. Regarding comparisons between series, the ninth year showed a significant coordination disturbance and the worst normal level of coordination in relation to the other years evaluated. Analyzing the AP and associating with the MD it is noted that the higher the academic average the greater the average of motor coordination, in which case there is an association. Even in intermediate averages there are already a significant difference for coordinative performance. The higher the note the higher the association. From the results it can be concluded that there is an association between the AP, Portuguese and mathematics, with MD. Schoolchildren with intermediate grades and schoolchildren with higher grades have the best results in the MD. There is an association between average AP and high with MD.