Iniciação à lógica na educação básica

Abstract

Although Mathematics is in an advanced level of its formal construction, the construction of mathematical thinking in basic education, in most cases, is weak due to many aspects. Here we will try to highlight one of these problems: the lack of representation of logical mathematical. We know, now, that some fundamental thoughts are heuristic, ie, ways of thinking essential to understanding and solving problems using mathematical reasoning. The focus here will be given to the importance of propositional logic. The structure and its representation, as well as some level of understanding and possible exposure of this thought. For this, it is a short trip in the history of logic, from Aristotle to the modern logic, showing principles of mathematical logic and its relations with the rudiments of sets. Finally, we present arguments for their inclusion as basic education and present a material with a language more accessible to the student.