Identificação de fungos anemófilos de ambientes climatizados em laboratórios de pesquisa de uma instituição de ensino superior de Alagoas

Abstract

Acclimatized indoor environments, poorly ventilated and without air renewal, can accumulate dust and moisture making the environment conducive to the proliferation of biological agents, such as fungi and bacteria. The particles produced by these agents are called bioaerosols and when inhaled they may be responsible for allergic respiratory manifestations and opportunistic infections. In addition, these environments can harbor toxin-producing fungi, which can cause damage to exposed individuals, especially those who have some clinical condition of immunosuppression. Based on the above, the present study aimed to evaluate the microbiological quality of acclimatized environments in research laboratories of a University in Alagoas. For the microbiological evaluation of the air, Petri dishes containing the culture medium Agar Sabouraud Dextrose (ASD) were exhibited in the research laboratories of the Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences / UFAL. Regarding the microbiological analysis of the air conditioners, the samples were collected in an area of 20 cm2 using sterile swabs soaked in 0.9% saline solution, which will be sown by radial scattering on the surface of the Sabouraud agar medium. dextrose (ASD). After verifying the fungal growth in the dishes, quantitative analysis were performed by counting the number of Colony Forming Units (CFU) existing in the samples. For qualitative analysis, differential colony counting were carried out, between filamentous fungi and yeasts. The filamentous fungi were identified by associating the macroscopic aspects with the microscopic characteristics of the direct examination of the primary culture, the same being confirmed by the stimulation of the sporulation by the microcultivation technique using lactrimel agar. 203 CFUs were isolated from the environment samples; 125 of filamentous fungi, where Penicillium, Aspergillus and Fusarium were the most prevalent genera. In the air conditioning microbiota, 311 UFCs, and the genera Penicillium, Aspergillus and Cladosporium were the most found, however, Trichoderma and Chrysonilia also had a large extent of growth. The greatest number of CFUs in ambient air was isolated in laboratory 5, while the samples of air conditioners were more contaminated in laboratory 2. In order to reduce contamination in laboratories, it is necessary to implemente measures such as: greater regularity in cleaning and incentive to use of personal protective equipment.