Riscos da obesidade materna para o binômio mãe e bebê: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Obesity is defined as a chronic multifactorial metabolic syndrome, arising from an imbalance between caloric expenditure and diet, in addition to hormonal factors. This review aims to identify which are the main changes affecting obese mothers and their pre and post pregnancy effects. Objective: This study aims to measure the main short and long term outcomes of maternal overweight and obesity and which of them are more common, requiring attention in prenatal care. Methodology: This is an integrative review of the last 5 years (2017 to January 2022). The search was conducted in scielo, pubmed and lilacs databases, review studies and clinical trials involving the population (mother and baby) that had the descriptor "maternal obesity" AND "obesity" and that answered the guiding question: how can maternal obesity affect the mother and baby in the short and long term were included. Results and Discussions: Among the several outcomes mentioned in the articles, gestational diabetes (GDM) was the most mentioned, followed by childhood obesity and hypertension or pre-eclampsia, and obesity in adulthood. Conclusion: Maternal obesity is a controversial and often neglected topic in the practice of prenatal care by the multiprofessional team. The early capture of this pregnant woman is vital to control and combat obesity worldwide, as well as future studies on the prophylactic use of metformin.