Prevalência de vaginose bacteriana e vaginites encontradas por meio da colpocitologia oncótica

Abstract

The main purpose of the oncotic cytology exam is to screen for cervical cancer, but it can also indicate cytological findings that directly affect the quality of life of women of reproductive age. Primary Care (AB), especially the Family Health Strategy (ESF), plays na important role in expanding early screening and monitoring of cervical cancer, such as Reproductive Tract Infections (RTI) of the enrolled population, the that positively impacts the morbidity of these diseases The discomfort arising from vaginosis and vulvovaginitis is one of the main causes of demand for the health service of affected women. Since inflammation of the vagina is among the main causes of gynecological consultations Vaginal discharge can occur due to the action of etiological agents, causing BV, resulting from the imbalance of the vaginal microbiota, Vulvovaginal Candidiasis caused by Candida spp. and Trichomoniasis, due to infection resulting from the protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis. The woman can have more than one infection at the same time, which can cause an undefined cause of discharge, due to the synergy between the different species. The present study aimed to describe the prevalent types of BV and Trichomonas vaginalis infections. and Candida spp. Evaluating the different types of vaginosis, identifying the most frequent species of microorganisms in addition to the lesions found in the exam result. This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach in which secondary data obtained from the results of routine cytopathological exams from July to August 2021 were used, in outpatient consultations of a Basic Health Unit in the city of Rio Largo-Alagoas. Of the 204 samples, 100 (49,02%) demonstrated microbiological findings, while 104 (50,98%) did not precisely describe some type of etiological agent in their results. The species with the highest prevalence in the study was the symbiosis between Gardnerella/Mobiluncus sp., this data demonstrates the importance of the Pap smear not only for screening for alterations indicative of cervical cancer, but also for the diagnosis of BV and vaginitis.