Que história é essa? Levantamento bibliográfico de artigos em História sobre infâncias indígenas no Brasil

Abstract

This work, of an interdisciplinary nature, is derived from a broader bibliographic research, which identified articles published in Brazilian journals about indigenous children and childhood in three areas of knowledge (Psychology, Education, Sociology). For the present study, we performed an increase in the data obtained to also include productions in the area of ​​History, with the objective of knowing the approach to indigenous childhoods in the area, and indirectly knowing its contribution to studies on childhood in the country. The bibliographic survey was initially carried out from the selection of national periodicals that were highly evaluated in the four areas, obtaining a total of 177 periodicals, 25 of which in History. Then, we applied eight descriptors to search the abstracts of published articles, without using any time frame in the collection of the selected journals. As a result, there were a total of 6,479 works related to childhood(ies) and child(ren), with only 37 (0.57%) of the occurrences relating to research on/with indigenous children. With regard specifically to the area of ​​History, there were in general 398 occurrences, with only 6 articles referring to the younger indigenous population. A detailed quantitative look at the volume of publications showed that the production of History is very incipient, compared to the other areas studied. The full reading of the selected articles from History showed that most of the works report empirical research, which consider indigenous children as subjects, agents in their cultural, social and political contexts. The objects of study contemplated were: indigenous pedagogical practices, dreams and songs (as guiding practices of interaction with children), rituals that mark the generational passage, the custody of indigenous children by adoption institutions, and indigenous childhood in the colonization process. . The contribution of Anthropology to the approach to History was also evident, which reinforces the need for interdisciplinarity in Childhood Studies, notably in the study with/about the childhood of indigenous children.