Avaliação das atividades biológicas das espécies Moringa oleífera e Azadirachta indica em células HTR e identificação de seus compostos por meio de RMN

Abstract

With the identification of leading compounds, resulting in the development of new drugs, natural products represent an important source of bioactive compounds that can act with numerous activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antihypertensive, antitumor, antioxidant, healing, among others. In this context, this study aimed to investigate the biological activities of two species of medicinal plants: Moringa oleífera and Azadirachta indica, against placental cells, since pregnant women are a very sensitive target for any type of medicinal treatment. Cell viability quantification studies were carried out using extracts at concentrations of 25, 50, 75 and 100% in trophoblastic cell lines using the MTT assay, atomic force microscopy analysis of cells with and without treatment, and analysis of nuclear magnetic resonance of the extracts. According to the data obtained, the extract of Moringa oleifera obtained cell viability at concentrations of 25% and 50%, being toxic above 50%, while the extract of Azadirachta indica showed no cell viability at any of the concentrations, with the Atomic force microscopy showed morphological changes, an increase in cell elasticity triggered by treatment with Moringa oleifera and a decrease in elasticity triggered by treatment with Azadirachta indica, and with nuclear magnetic resonance spectra were detected in the extract of Azadirachta indica a presence of the compounds: 2- hydroxyisobutyrate, acetic acid, betaine, citrate, formic acid, glucarate (saccharate), lactate, succinate and dimethyl sulfone, and in the Moringa oleifera extract the presence of the compounds: formic acid, fumaric acid, orotic acid, betaine, glycerol and trigonelline. Therefore, the consequences of treatment with Moringa oleifera may be associated with the rearrangement of the cytoskeleton of cells and treatment with Azadirachta indica may be related to a process of cell death, where compounds that are toxic to this type of cell used in the Work.