Criminalização da pobreza: uma crítica às formas de enfrentamento a essa problemática por parte do Estado

Abstract

This Course Conclusion Work is the result of the consolidation of studies carried out on the problematic of the criminalization of poverty in capitalist society and the ways of confronting this problem by the State, since this is the main responsible for fulfilling this function of criminalizing the poverty. Here we discuss the organization of Society before the existence of the State, a period known as primitive communism, in which everything was common to everyone and the existing shortage was revealed by the scarcity of techniques and material goods. With the development of productive forces, man comes to increasingly dominate nature, generating objective and subjective conditions for the production of surplus. With this, society is divided for the first time into social classes and from then on it was essential to create a power that supposedly was above these classes, with the objective of, on the one hand, controlling those who had no surpluses and, on the other hand, another, to protect those who had it. Even today, our society is organized into classes and the presence of the State needs to be maintained. Through this, it exposes itself about class societies: slavery, Asian, feudal and capitalist, in order to understand the relationships in these historical moments and apprehend the role of the State in each one of them. It addresses the prelude to the capitalist mode of production that occurred through the violent expropriation of feudal serfs from their livelihood, making them free to be exploited. With the consolidation of capitalism, wealth is produced in the same proportion as poverty that, at a given time in human history, is revealed as a crime that must be severely punished for those who cannot adapt to the system. A perverse logic of a system is identified that has been sunk, since its inception, in an irreversible contradiction and that can only be eliminated by overcoming this mode of production and all its personifications.