A essência da sociedade capitalista: acumulação, exploração e precarização do trabalho

Abstract

The present course conclusion work has the general objective of revealing the essence of capitalist society based on the exploitation of the working class by the capitalist class, as a problem that, in addition to being theoretical, is real, correlating accumulation, exploitation and the precariousness of work in capitalism contemporary, central transitional categories that are objects of practical and theoretical intervention for social workers given their role in capitalist social reproduction. For this, the methodology used was a literature review, with the character of bibliographical research and a qualitative approach based on the historical-dialectical materialist theory, which allowed us to overcome the immediate appearance of this mode of production. From this perspective, the second chapter shows us the transformation of labor power into the only commodity that has the power to produce more than it costs - surplus value - following the historical path of the genesis of the capitalist mode of production (CMOP) and apprehending the essential mechanisms that allow the expropriation and exploitation of the workforce. Thus, the third chapter allows us to understand the process of capitalist accumulation and how the trend of productivity development - accentuated with new production models in contemporary capitalism - creates new forms of exploitation that intensify the precariousness of work. Therefore, it is proven that the capitalist essence is to accumulate more and more through increased exploitation that makes the working class unemployed and precarious.