Avaliação de genótipos de milho em consórcio com feijão para a produção de milho verde e grãos

Abstract

The corn (Zeamays L.) is one of the species most important to humanity, being the staple food in many countries. In Brazil, this culture is one of the main agricultural activities, explored in all Brazilian states, Just changing the cultivation characteristics of each region, with the dominance of monoculture. In Alagoas, the most widely used system of cultivation is the consortium, especially with beans, practiced by small producers. This research aimed to evaluate genotypes of maize intercropped with beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) for the production of green and dry corn. We evaluated four maize genotypes (Alagoano, Viçosense, Nordestino and Cruzeta) in both systems (monocropping and intercropping), using the beans of IAC Alvorada. For the production of corn, the genotypes Viçosense, Nordestino and Alagoano had the highest commercial ears, averaging 12.28 t.ha-1, and great morphological characteristics of corn. Corn and beans consortium submitted business characteristics of corn similar to monoculture. The consortium system showed equivalent production of Green maize (18.32 t.ha-1) compared to monoculture (11.50 t.ha-1). For the production of grains, consortium showed the highest equivalent productivity of maize, 8.98 t.ha-1, twice that monoculture. The genotypes Viçosense, Nordestino and Alagoano had the highest production yields (4.64 t.ha-1). The consortium doesnot affect any of the characteristics of corn.The production of corn and dried beans in intercropping system offers greater financial returns. The corn monoculture is only viable for the production of corn. Down technological job the consortium system is the alternative that offers greater viability and financial security.