Frequências de temáticas em saúde social e espiritual nas aulas de educação física de professores da educação básica do Estado de Alagoas: um olhar sobre a educação antirracista e cultura da violência

Abstract

School Physical Education classes have always been marked by ideals of freedom, nonformal education, and unconventional behaviors not observed in the classroom of other teaching contents. However, on the other hand, dealing with bodies, the area has always been exposed and susceptible to issues of prejudice, bullying, and violence. The aim of this study was to identify the frequency of discussion about anti-racism education in Physical Education classes of teachers from Basic Education in the State of Alagoas. This is a quantitative, analytical, cross-sectional study, based on the application of a school health questionnaire, with questions about social and spiritual health, which aim to identify the presence of anti-racist themes in the classes of basic education teachers from seven Education Management Regions (GERE's) in the State of Alagoas. A total of 167 teachers participated in the study, the majority being men (65.8%), brown (64.6%), graduates from private higher education institutions (63.5%), with specialization degrees (62.2%), with less than three years of professional practice (30.5%), under contract in the public service (53.9%), and working more than 40 hours per week (40.1%). Regarding anti-racist content, regular frequency rates were identified for themes related to equity in ethnic-racial rights (1.8 ± 0.8); encouragement of attitudes and values of respect (1.3 ± 0.7); combating bullying and religious prejudice (1.7 ± 0.8) and perception of the influence of religions on bodily practices (1.3 ± 0.7). On the other hand, subjects with considered good frequencies were those related to the encouragement of peace (2.1 ± 0.7); exercise of citizenship and social responsibility (2.0 ± 0.7), and discussion and identification of bullying (2.1 ± 0.7). It is concluded that the discussion of anti-racism in Physical Education classes still needs to take significant steps for a deeper immersion in the theme in the school environment. Although the scores suggest regular and good indices, contents related to the culture of violence were more expressive than ethnic-racial theoretical bases, demonstrating a racial invisibility of teachers towards their students.