Fatores associados à baixa adesão ao exame de papanicolaou entre mulheres revisão integrativa de literatura

Abstract

Cervical Cancer (CCU), also called cervical cancer, is an epithelial change that is characterized by progressive cellular transformations that can evolve into an invasive lesion. It is currently a public health problem due to society's exposure to dietary, behavioral and biological risk factors. The Pap smear is the main test used to detect CC. However, even though it is an exam of outstanding importance, many women choose not to undergo the exam. OBJECTIVE: to identify in the literature the factors that make it difficult for women to take the Pap smear. METHODOLOGY: This is an integrative literature review, in which the guiding question was: “What factors are associated with women's low adherence to the Pap smear test? Therefore, the search strategy was used: Papanicolaou test AND Patient non-compliance. The scientific databases selected were: Virtual Health Library (VHL), Cinahl, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. RESULTS: 15 articles were found, 12 of which were published in 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018, each year containing 3 articles; followed by the years 2014, 2020 and 2021 with 1 article each. CONCLUSION: In view of the above, it was observed that despite the Pap smear being a widely discussed topic among undergraduate students and health professionals, with scientifically proven importance, the target population has reasons for not adhering to this preventive exam. After a detailed analysis of each selected article, several reasons were presented for not comparing women to the cytological examination.