Modelagem do potencial de geração sustentável de bioenergia a partir de aterros sanitários

Abstract

The use of urban solid waste for the sustainable production of bioenergy is more than a diversification of the energy matrix of a country, it is an environmental, economic and social necessity. The use of biogas is an alternative for the production of bioelectricity due to its high calorific power, besides the capture and sequestration of carbon, which leads to negative emissions and, consequently, to the mitigation of climate change. Thus, finding economically feasible and sustainable ways to use this waste is a concern of the whole society and the application of mathematical models for estimating the potential production of biogas in landfills becomes plausible, both from the energy point of view, as from the environmental point of view. Therefore, the present study aims at, by means of an adequate mathematical modelling, estimating the methane production and bioelectricity potential from the four existing landfills in Alagoas, located in different climatic regions. For such, it was necessary to survey the information of the study area aiming at its characterization and obtaining the input data of the model used: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change - IPCC (2006). To this end, relevant data were collected, such as the average amount and gravimetric composition of SUW deposited in landfills and the climatic characteristics of the landfills studied. The modeling study showed that the per capita of MSW and gravitational composition of MSW, a socioeconomic result directly in the calculation of metal generation in the aspects of sanitary landfills, considering that each component has a different degradable organic carbon content - DOC. While environmental conditions and sanitary landfills interfere in the speed of waste pollution and in the generation time of electric energy, significantly affecting the generation of electric energy after the landfill of the residues, in relation to its productivity to its useful life. The study of the electric power generation potential shows that, from the first year of generation until the year 2056, the sanitary landfills of Maceió, Metropolitano, Agreste and CIGRES have the capacity to serve an average of 33,586, 32,196, 14,461 and 12,090 households. , respectively in the full period. With energy, it should be noted that the use of the generated biogas must be for landfill, as it significantly reduces as a GHG resource, and may be additionally significant.