Uso da meditação como cuidado de enfermagem: uma revisão de escopo

Abstract

Meditation is a technique dating back to the 3rd century and rooted in ancient Chinese practices, based on focus and concentration. The term "mindfulness," translated as "atenção plena" in Portuguese, highlights the importance of being conscious and present in the moment, without being absorbed by external experiences. According to Law No. 7,498, which regulates the professional practice of nursing, the nurse is a vital member of the healthcare team, qualified to participate in the planning, execution, and evaluation of healthcare plans. In this context, the nurse, as a trained professional, can incorporate meditative practice as part of nursing care. Therefore, the objective was to map scientific evidence on the use of meditation as nursing care. This was conducted as a Scoping Review in the following databases: MEDLINE®, EMBASE®, CINAHL®, LILACS®, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The descriptors used were: "Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros" (Nurses), "Meditação" (Meditation), and "Cuidados de Enfermagem" (Nursing Care), with the English variables "Nurses," "Meditation," and "Nursing Care." The inclusion criteria were primary research studies with quantitative or qualitative, descriptive, and observational designs, without limitation of date or language, encompassing studies with nurses and documents related to meditation and nursing care, addressing the guiding question, "What is the scientific evidence on the use of meditation as nursing care?" Exclusion criteria included abstracts of presentations and conferences, duplicates, unavailable full-texts, literature reviews, books, internet website texts, opinion articles, intervention protocols, theses and dissertations, guidelines, technical documents, and government publications. The study identified eight eligible studies. The available evidence indicates that when used as nursing care, meditation can bring significant improvements in psychological symptoms of depression and anxiety, sleep, stress, quality of life, glycemic control, and patient resilience. However, studies on meditation as nursing care are scarce. Therefore, this review emphasizes the need for more in-depth research on the application of meditation by nursing, exploring the technique, potential challenges, and its importance for evidence-based nursing practice. By strengthening the appropriate and effective use of meditation as an integral part of nursing care, it will be possible to offer more consistent and evidence-based benefits.