Ser enfermeira no cuidado intensivo neonatal durante a pandemia de COVID-19 à luz da fenomenologia

Abstract

Initial considerations: This dissertation presents as an object of investigation being a nurse in a situation of neonatal intensive care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Investigations that address nursing professionals in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit point to psychological burdens superimposed on biological, chemical, physiological, physical and mechanical demands in the work environment. Interpersonal relationships with the team and interaction with family members and/or guardians of the newborn stand out as a representative aspect for what is pointed out as wear. Thus, it was intended to bring to light the being a nurse beingthere-in-the-utin-world, the meanings that this being perceives while existing in the utinworld, a movement that highlights how interactions occur and phenomena between being a nurse experiencing a pandemic and others and things in the utin-world. Finally, answer the following research question: what is it like to be a nurse in neonatal intensive care during the COVID-19 pandemic? Objective: to understand what it is like to be a nurse who takes care of the newborn in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Study of a qualitative nature, with an interpretative phenomenological approach and a theoretical-methodological framework by Patrícia Benner (1994), given that the object is subjective and particular, veiled in the being of the nurse through human suffering in the environment of a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is the most adequate information construction mechanism. Results and Discussion: Eight nurses from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital Professor Alberto Antunes participated in the study. In this process, two themes emerged that were part of all the interviewees' statements: coping with the pandemic and the nurse-patient relationship. After verifying this thematization, the categorization and subcategorization within the themes took place in parallel. After analysis, a paradigmatic case is presented. Final Considerations: This investigation verified that the NICU nurse during the pandemic takes place in her profession and presents very well consolidated notions of professional identity, even experiencing organizational, institutional inequalities and mental illness. The qualified reception of the psycho-emotional needs of nurses working in the NICU is urgent, in favor of their performance and quality of life at work. It is recommended that more research using Benner's philosophy be developed in Brazil to favor the mastery of the framework and improvement of phenomenological research in nursing. Likewise, it is interesting to develop other investigations to deepen situations related to the feeling of (self) demand or guilt and interprofessional communication between nursing professionals and other NICU professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic.