Os fundos de pensão e a privatização da previdência social brasileira

Abstract

This study aims to investigate pension funds in the context of privatization of the Brazilian Social Security, emphasizing the fundamental links in this relationship, which are guided by the financial dimension of the capital system. From the Marxist theory, we seek first to analyze the emergence of financial capital and its imperialist policy, between the nineteenth and twentieth century, where it demonstrates how the financial dimension of capital becomes hegemonic in society from the development of production relations that have arrived to its monopolistic degree. With the dominance of financial capital under social relations and the first signs of the structural crisis, new forms of appropriation and accumulation are emerging. It is in this movement that pension funds emerge, based on the initiative of American companies and then it is being adapted to other countries, to further appropriate the resources generated by the world of work. Pension funds have a close relationship with interest-bearing capital and fictitious capital because they operate under the rentier and speculative logic. Pension will be given to pension funds to convince workers to participate. Retirements and pensions will be offered, but without guarantees. With the expansion of pension funds, which have earned the name of "Private Pension", the destruction of Social Security begins to occur, as a way to expand this business that yields trillions of dollars to the US financial oligarchy and billions of reais to Brazilian capitalists. In Brazil this process of privatization of social security will take place through constitutional reforms that began in the 1990s and will be supported by businessmen from the financial and industrial sectors, bankers, the state, parliamentarians and union managers. From this the working class will suffer the hardest consequences due to the restriction of social rights. Given the current Brazilian conjuncture of profound changes in the social security system, the need arises to carry out an investigation from the historical-critical perspective on the subject, reaffirming the role of the state and social policies in the capital system. The investigative process on financial capital will have as its fundamental theoretical basis, authors such as: Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Vladimir I. Lenin, István Mészáros, Nikolai Bukharin, Rudolf Hilferding, David Harvey, among others. Social Security and pension funds in Brazil will be investigated through bibliographic and documentary research, by the Social Work and Economy literature. Data and legislation Will be searched on websites of financial institutions such as the World Bank, the IMF, the OECD, on official Federal Government websites, and on institutes dedicated to the consistent investigation of the social security system in Brazil, such as Dieese, Anfip and the Citizen Audit. The present study seeks to present the main consequences that pension funds and the privatization of Brazilian social security cause to workers.