Fragmentação e integração produtiva : a América Latina no contexto global do século XXI

Abstract

The fragmentation and productive integration are a phenomena that changed productive process and trade, allowing an intense commercial exchange of intermediate goods between different companies and countries that brought the possibility of being absorbed in different productive processes and composing a final good "made in world ". This dissertation sought to understand the current degree of fragmentation and productive integration in Latin America through the analysis of the commercial flow of intermediate goods, more specifically parts and componentes, the traditional analysis of trade in final goods in this productive format is no longer sufficient. The trade was analyzed by production stage according to Gaulier, Lemoine e Ünal-Kesenci (2004), the classification of parts and components followed Haltmaier et al. (2007), in addition the Index of Relative Importance of Parts and Components for Latin America (IRPC) was created according to the one proposed by Dullien(2008). The main results show that the Latin American countries participate little in the trade of parts and components worldwide, except Mexico. Intra-regionally the performance of the P & C trade is even weaker, indicating that the largest Latin partners are still markets outside the region. In general, Latin America has a low degree of insertion in processes of productive fragmentation and low level of regional integration.