Análise estrutural de vigas de concreto armado com aberturas na alma

Abstract

At present, the cases of lack of compatibility of projects are still quite common, and without proper idealization it ends up entailing the need for changes during execution. A possible structural problem that arises from the lack of planning is the need to pass pipelines to beams, which without proper knowledge can generate risks to the users' safety. Therefore, it was sought to verify the behavior of beams caused by the variation of the positioning of openings. For the analyzes, three beams were modeled through SAP 2000 software, one without hole and two with holes in different positions. With the modeling results obtained in the program, the rod-and-tie method was used to find the ultimate load, and the results obtained were compared. As already expected, the stresses and tensions found for the cases with openings were higher than those obtained in the continuous element, since the insertion of openings caused perturbations in the flow of tensions. Regarding the location, the openings close to the supports showed higher tensile and stress values. It is possible to affirm that the best region to position openings are in the proximities of the central and inferior region of the beam, therefore, the damages regarding the behavior of the structural element are inferior. Comparing the functionality of the different methods applied in the study, it is concluded that both were efficient in calculating the stresses, and despite the analytical analysis by rod and rod method, it can be safely used to provide a good representation of the structure of the parts, however, the most recommended method is computational software, since it best simulates the actual behavior of the structures.