Indícios de flexibilidade no projeto de edifícios multifamiliares em Maceió-AL (1980-1985): surgimento e apropriação do ambiente reversível pelos usuários de apartamentos

Abstract

The replacement of homes by multifamily buildings led to the implementation of design solutions that differentiated buildings, such as flexibility. In Maceió / AL, this process began in the 1960s and consolidated in the 1970s, but only in the period 1980-1985 is the introduction of the reversible environment in the projects offered by the local market. There are projects of multifamily buildings with so-called "reversible environments", space with two accesses, one of them facing the service area of the apartment and the other to the intimate hall. At that time, the flexibility items used are unknown as well as their ways of use by the residents. The objective of the dissertation is to identify and analyze the signs of flexibility, with emphasis on the so-called "reversible environment", in the projects of buildings approved in the period 1980-1985 in the city of Maceió / AL, regarding its initial design, as well as units Modified. The method is the result of a documentary survey of buildings approved by the City Hall. We analyzed 37 buildings, with emphasis on the presence of: (i) reversible dormitory; (Ii) Reversible toilet. We interviewed 19 residents with photographic records of the apartments. The results indicate the presence of the first "third reversible" in 7 buildings. It identifies the presence of the reversible bathroom and reversible dormitory for the first time in Maceió. Reversibility is analyzed with "protagonist action" and "supporting action". The protagonist action stands out in the apartments that insert the dormitory fully to the intimate sector and adds a positive value to the reversible dormitory. The supporting action happens in the apartments that insert the dormitory fully to the service sector for complementary activities. The importance of the study is the record of the trajectory of multifamily Maceio an buildings in terms of flexibility. The moment of insertion of the reversible environment is exalted in a period that shows elements indicative of changes in the supply of buildings in Maceió, despite the predominance of specimens that served a nuclear family and sometimes repeated the tripartidation present in single-family homes. The study seeks a historical contribution, as well as elucidation of the way some elements are used by the residents of these buildings throughout the useful life of the building.