Análise das manifestações patológicas de uma residência unifamiliar na cidade de Caxias – MA: estudo de caso

Abstract

Even with the technological advancement of civil construction that has been taking place over time, there are still many problems related to constructive pathological manifestations, as it is something that is present in all buildings, whether in a simpler way, such as small cracks, or more complex, such as corrosion and moisture. These, among other several anomalies, cause discomfort and concern for people, in addition to often putting the quality of life and safety of society at risk. With that in mind, the present research was carried out, through a case study made through the analysis of pathological manifestations of a single-family residence in the city of Caxias – MA, with the general objective of making an investigation of the pathological manifestations found in the single-family residence, applying the Gravity, Urgency, and Tendency (GUT), method for decision making. For this, the methodology started with a site inspection, in order to diagnose the pathological manifestations existing in the property under study, making records through visual and photographic survey, and describing their possible causes and origins, thus, reaching an evaluation in a general state of the building and its construction systems. After the problems were detected, finally, a prioritization was made in order to order the repairs that must be treated for the recovery of the anomalies through the application of the GUT matrix, and thus, to evaluate the usefulness of the use of this tool. In view of this, it was possible to determine that the most frequent problem is the presence of humidity that is found in all rooms of the property, leading to the emergence of several anomalies such as mold, efflorescence, and detachment of the plaster and infiltrations, for example. It was also verified that, according to data from the GUT matrix, the first pathological manifestations that need to be recovered are the cracks, crevices and gaps. In this way, it was possible to notice that a GUT matrix presents a simple and effective way of being applied, a very useful tool in civil construction and that it complied with the objectives set for the accomplishment of the work.