As ações da Psicologia diante das situações de desastres socioambientais

Abstract

Psychology has been getting closer and closer to discussions in the area of risks and disasters. The reason for such interest are, in addition to the increasingly frequent events, the various seminars, congresses and meetings in the field of psychology that discuss the topic. The objective of this production is to map the actions of psychology in the context of socio-environmental disasters in Brazil, in which mining companies are involved. This activity, so present in the economic construction of the country, has been evidenced in recent years by the disasters caused, involving dam bursting and soil subsidence. The cases of the disasters that occurred in Mariana, Brumadinho and Maceió are the focus of this study. The actions of Psychology in these events are visualized through a mapping, by means of a search in the academic literature produced about the cases, following the media news in news portals and statements from the government and institutions. It is characterized by an exploratory design. The research was guided by the assumptions of the constructionist movement, in which knowledge is understood as the result of collective constructions, produced by dialogical and interactive interactions in which we participate daily. The psychology practices found in the context of the disasters surveyed are associated with various policies and institutions, the Regional Councils, the Federal Council of Psychology, the Psychosocial Care Network, Municipal Health Secretariats, Municipal Social Assistance Secretariats, and Universities. Most of the actions are guided by the psychosocial perspective, but there are also those focused on individual clinical psychology. No actions carried out in the context of public education policies aimed at the communities were found. We conclude that Psychology has been actively inserted in the context of disasters and is constantly summoned to be present.