Descrição do perfil de resistência microbiana das infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde de um hospital de doenças infectocontagiosas de uma capital do Nordeste brasileiro

Abstract

Health-related infections (HAIs) are defined as any infection acquired after a person is admitted to a hospital and appears during hospitalization or even after discharge, when it can be related to hospitalization. Objective: Description of the microbial resistance profile of changes related to health care in a hospital with infectious diseases. Methods: observational, descriptive, quantitative and retrospective study. Research carried out through the collection of data in the culture exams, in the notification forms and antimicrobial sensitivity tests of patients who were hospitalized in the years 2018 and 2019 and developed infection during the hospitalization period. Results: 52 health-related notification forms (IRAS) were evaluated. Six infection sites were identified: lung (50.0%), urinary tract (25.0%), integument (11.6%), trachea (5.8%), intra-abdominal (3.8%) and blood (3.8%); with emphasis on the respiratory system: pulmonary diseases were observed in 50.0% of the requirements. There was a predominance of hospitalizations for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (42.9% of those admitted to the ward and 41.9% of those admitted to the ICU). In the present study, the highest frequency of resistance observed in the wards of Ceftriaxone (84.6%), followed by Sulfazotrim (83.3%) and ampicillin + sulbactam (80.0%). While in ITU, the highest resistance profile was Sulfazotrim (100.0%), followed by ampicillin + sulbactam (90.0%), Pieracillin + tazabactam sodium (75.0%) and Ceftriaxone (72.7%). Conclusion: The data obtained in the study show a high frequency of multidrug resistance mainly in Gram-negative: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (61.5%), followed by Acinetobacter baumannii (53.8%), and Escherichia gergoviae (55.6%).