Influência da relação materno infantil no crescimento e desenvolvimento da criança

Abstract

Growth and development are indispensable indicators of child health for comprehensive follow-up during childhood, providing the tracking of risks to full child development. Affective relationships directly interfere in this process, and maternal child bonding is fundamental in the cognitive dimension, emotional, social and physiological of the baby. Primary health care nursing professionals play an essential role in early detection risk factors that may compromise the construction of the bond that connects the child to the mother and her family support network. In addition, all findings from the assessment carried out in childcare must be duly registered in the child's health booklet to document and enable communication between sectors and professionals. Therefore, the objective was to analyze the maternal and child bond of women cared for in a Basic Health Unit. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, exploratory study with a quantitative-qualitative approach, based on the theory of achieving the maternal role. Held with 20 mothers of children up to 1 year the área covered by the Robson Cavalcante Family Health Unit, located in Maceio/AL. The research was carried out by conducting of a semi-structured interview and the application of two questionnaires that were subdivided into sociodemographic data and on the mother and baby bond, in addition to the evaluation of the completion of the variables weight, height, immunization in the Child Health Booklet. Twenty mothers of babies were interviewed with up to 1 year and age, in which the maternal age varied between 14 and 35 years, being 6 adolescents. Regarding schooling, 11 mothers had the education incomplete fundamental. Within the sample, 14 mothers did not plan the pregnancy and 15 do not think it was important to have with whom to share the care of their child. Regarding breastfeeding, 18 participants reported having undergone exclusive breastfeeding, but 6 of them discontinued before 6 full months of the baby. The completion of anthropometry and immunization was complete in 16 child health booklets. Mothers' statements regarding changes pregnancy involved, predominantly, the personal scope regarding maternal maturation. In general, on the importance of bonding, mothers they find important the relationship with the baby for the construction of the child's personality and for recognition when they reached adulthood. Therefore, it is perceived that the stimuli that influence the child's growth and development are multifactorial, highlighting socioeconomic conditions, planning of pregnancy, maternal emotional and psychological status, level of education, sensitivity of the mother, maternal overload and others. In addition, health care contributes to the detection of risks to the child and the promotion of early interventions.