Avaliação do potencial citotóxico e anti-inflamatório de frações derivadas do extrato bruto das folhas de Costus spiralis no tratamento da artrite

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease and is exhibited by inflammation, the presence of self-attacks and the formation of granulation tissue called pannus, which invades and destroys structures external to the joint. As an alternative to treat this comorbidity, medicinal plants have a prominent place, especially in Brazil, where their great biodiversity is substantially affected for the study of new medicines. In this context, plants of the genus Costus, used by folk medicine, have been described with various therapeutic functions, such as antiinflammatory, analytical and antimicrobial. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of chloroform and methanol fractions of the raw extract of Costus spiralis leaves in the treatment of arthritis. Swiss mice, victims, access to the UFAL central vivarium with CEUA approval (protocol No. 040/2018) were used. Initially, as C. spiralis chloroform (FCCS) and C. spiralis methanol (FMCS) fractions, they were subjected to cell viability assays by the methyltetrazolium colorimetric method (MTT) to determine a cytotoxicity at the rates of 0,05, 0,5, 1,5, 5, 15, 50 and 100 μg / mL. From this, it was observed that FCCS and FMCS in the analyzes did not show statistically significant reduction in cell viability, as standard. dexamethasone when compared to the control group. To determine the effect of FCCS and FMCS treatment on the development of arthritis, a dose of 100 mg / kg, v.o. for seven days from day 14 after arthritis induction. FMCS treatment did not cause a statistically significant inhibition of paw volume increase when compared to the positive control during the seven days of treatment. On the other hand, FCCS caused a statistically significant inhibition of paw volume increase when compared to the positive control from day 19. The standard drug dexamethasone was able to significantly inhibit paw swelling on days 18, 19, 20 and 21. Treatment with the C. spiralis chloroform fraction was able to reduce the volume of paw edema in the trial. of arthritis. Treatment with C. spiralis FCCS was able to reduce the volume of paw edema in Freund's complete adjuvant-induced arthritis assay. The results obtained in this work support not only the research with medicinal plants, but also the search for new analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs.