Análise da formação do enfermeiro e a multiculturalidade: saúde e povos indígenas

Abstract

The National Curriculum Guidelines (2001) for the Nursing course, determine that the formation of the Nurse must have a multicultural and transdisciplinary approach, in order to train professionals open to various knowledge and experiences, respecting social, cultural and ethnic differences, providing knowledge and giving them skills to work in various fields. This study aimed to: analyze the existence of the theme 'health and indigenous peoples' in a Bachelor Degree in Nursing. Specific objectives: to know the opportunities of teaching and learning about the health of indigenous peoples; identify the potentialities and weaknesses in the insertion of the theme in the teaching of the studied course. The research method adopted was documentary, exploratory and descriptive, with a qualitative approach. The public domain documents of the educational institution - Pedagogical Project of the Course (PPC), curriculum matrix and menus of the subjects of the Bachelor of Nursing -, as well as the DCNs for the Nursing, Laws and Health Care Policies course, were used to assemble the collection necessary for data collection. Initially, an analysis was performed in the institution's PPC, collating with official documents about indigenous health policy, resulting in the following categories and subcategories: Category 1 ‘PPC Policy Context’; with the subcategories ‘Regional Reality’ and PP PPC Guiding Legislation ’; Category 2 PP PPC Didactic-Pedagogical Organization ’and the subcategories‘ Egress Profile ’and Cur Curriculum Organization’, the latter further subdivided into two points Cur Curriculum Matrix 'and ‘Ementary’. Then, the subjects of the curricular matrix were listed that showed in their menus the possibility of exploring contents related to indigenous health and / or that already addressed subjects or practices aimed at these populations. Data were analyzed from the perspective of content analysis, thematic modality. The results point to a silencing of indigenous health in the PPC and curriculum matrix of the studied course, in the grounds and justifications, as well as in the objectives and competences for the formation of the nurse. Of the 45 compulsory subjects of the course, only two present subjects and extension activities related to the theme. In the others, there is no mention on the subject, however, it is possible to insert content concerning indigenous health in 14 disciplines. This research highlighted the need to bring the discussion on the theme 'health and indigenous peoples' to the academy, aiming that students, teachers, educational institutions and professionals involved in the fields of practice can make a commitment to train professionals able to provide assistance. To the health of these peoples. The results of this study led to the proposition of a “Matrix of contents for the formation of the nurse contemplating indigenous health”. As it is a documentary research, it was not necessary to be processed by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Alagoas - UFAL.