Alterações gestacionais e o transtorno do espectro autista: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) belongs to the group of neurodeminal involvement disorders, or has a high prevalence, affecting one in 160 children, according to WHO data. For the diagnosis of tea, a child must have persistent changes in social communication and social interaction and restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests or activities. The literature on tea etiology is still available, with multifactorial resources, associated with genetic, environmental or external and gestational causes. Studies show that heredity has an important contribution to the development of the autistic spectrum, showing a strong link with genetic factors. The gestational period is of great importance in fetal brain development and neurological development, and changes in this period can lead to risks to fetal health. Objective: To carry out a literary review, of a narrative type, seeking to understand and explain the gestational causes that are associated with the development of this disorder. Methodology: A narrative review of the literature was used, based on an interpretative reading of articles available in the PubMed and Scielo databases. Results: Among the gestational causes associated with ASD, the following were listed: gestational vitamin D deficiency, intrauterine infections during pregnancy, of viral and bacterial origin, pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: There was a wide range of studies that seek to understand the etiology of ASD, however, there is no conformity between the authors and the gestational reasons are still not well elucidated, requiring further studies to better understand this change in neurodevelopment.