Cultivo de feijão comum sob aplicação de biocarvão do endocarpo do Ouricuri (Syagrus coronata (Mart.) Becc): atributos químicos e biológicos do solo.

Abstract

Biocarbon has attracted the attention of the scientific community because of its promising applicability in contributing to improving the soil chemical aspects such as pH, CEC, exchangeable cations, and physical as soil particles aggregation. These changes in soil can directly influence the microbiota, and soil fertility levels, on the growth and productivity of crops of agricultural interest. Bean culture has significant economic and social importance in Brazil. The objective of the study is to determine the chemical and biological attributes of a bean cultivated argisol and submitted to the application of ouricuri biochar. The experiment was installed in a completely randomized design, in a 4x4 factorial scheme, with 4 replicates. The factors were obtained by the combination of four grain sizes: G1 (0.42 mm), G2 (0.84 mm), G3 (1.19 mm), G4 (1.68 mm) and four doses of biocarbon, 16, 24 and 32 Mg ha-1). At the time, a control treatment without biocarbon was added. The following parameters were evaluated: stem diameter (SD); Number of leaves (NL); Aerial dry weight (ADW); Root dry weight (RDW); Number of pods per plant (NPP); Weight of pods per plant (WPP); Number of grains per plant (NGP); Number of grains / pod (NGV); Mass ratio of 100 grains (r100); B) chemical characterization and soil biological indicators (microbial biomass carbon (Cmic), soil microbial respiration (SMR) and total organic carbon (TOC). The biocarbon of ouricuri added to the soil in the short term, promoted improvements in some of the main chemical indicators of soil quality. The dose of 32 Mg ha-1 bioic of ouricuri positively influenced the vegetative development of the plants. The results of this study demonstrate that there is a direct relationship between the particle size and the amount of biocarbon in the soil. The biocarbon influenced direct effect on the carbon stock of the soil and the microbial population. More detailed longterm studies should verify the development of soil microbial population and its effects on plants.