Purpureocillium lilacinum (Lilacel®) e extratos aquosos de Azadirachta indica e de Annona spp. no tratamento de mudas de bananeira infectadas por nematoides

Abstract

Among the phytosanitary problems that affect the banana crop, resulting in loss of production, are the presence of nematodes such as Radopholus similis, Helicotylenchus multicinctus, Pratylenchus coffeae and Meloidogyne spp. The dispersion of these pathogens is mainly through the propagation material. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the biological product Lilacel® (Purpureocillium lilacinum) and aqueous extracts of neem (Azadirachta indica), sugar apple (Annona squamosa) and soursop (A. muricata) in the treatment of conventional banana plantlets naturally infected with nematodes. Two experiments were installed in a greenhouse of the CECA / UFAL with banana plantlets cv. Comprida. In the first experiment, five doses of bio-nematicide (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0%) were tested in addition to the controls (Carbofuran and water). The experimental design was completely randomized with eight replicates. After four months of cultivation, nematode populations were evaluated in the soil, roots and rhizomes, and the reproduction factor. In the second experiment, four dosages (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2%) of the three extracts were tested in addition to the controls (Carbofuran and water) and a 60-minute immersion period. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme (3x4) with eight replications. The evaluation of the experiment was carried out three months after the application of the treatments, observing the sprouting percentage of the seedlings, the nematode population in the soil, rhizome and roots, and the reproduction factor. The sprouting percentage of the seedlings was 100% in the two experiments installed. In all treatments with bio-nematicide or plant extracts there was a reduction of nematode final populations when compared to the negative control (water).