Trabalho docente na educação brasileira em (dis)curso: controle, silenciamento & interdição

Abstract

This research, developed in timespan of 2015 to 2018 intends to analyze the speech on the teacher’s work promoted by the Brazilian education – in the historical context of political ruptures, which culminated in deep cuts with the democratic institution. This scenario encompasses two distant but not so distant historical moments, namely 1964 and 2016 – where the silencing, the interdiction and the control are hegemonic. Those are the principles to bring investigative light on the work of the teacher in the Brazilian education, as it is a fundamental point on the educational policies, which focus configures on the work of a teacher in a classroom. Throughout the studies made in the Speech analysis of Pêcheux (1967, 1990, 1995, 1999, 2001, 2008 and 2010) that is comprehended as the speech and the identity of the historical subject and the societal construction of the accessed documents, where the changes can be perceived. Therefore, the document here exposed is the consequence of this study realized in the scope of the study group of public politics, history and speech. The unpublished consists in the treatment of the thematic, by means of a deepening of the situations that the subject is involved, in the speech analysis way taking in consideration the historical, social, political, economic and cultural context of the object studied. The theoretic scope made possible demonstrate that the Brazilian education, as the teacher’s work hit it were by ruptures and suffered of it irreversible transformations. Through the speech analysis, it is possible to discover the sense present in official documents that are the source of research. The Studies based on Pêcheux made it possible to comprehend the study in two dimensions: 1) a political approach of the sense, as it is moving and unstable. 2) The object of study is the materialized speech on the referred documents, once evaded it is from the appreciation of the word to word, on the interpretation as a closed sequel in itself. The investigated documents (Law Decree 477/1969; Project of Law Escola Sem Partido/2014; committee’s opinion Project of Law Escola Sem Partido/2014) translates in a dominant ideology in which the teacher’s work on Brazilian education becomes unstable on times of antidemocratic government. Throughout Brazilian educational history, the teacher’s work was in focus on the main educational policies and suffered changes as the political regime changed. It is possible to say as well that the intermittent presence of antidemocratic process, as an end to stop the emancipation process and keep the oppressed classes subdued to the capital. It notices a disrespect related to the teacher’s work though, as the law says, the education presents itself in a salvationist character, considered important to the development of the country. The theoretical assumptions of the speech analysis allows known to be the historical character of the process of change in the teacher’s work in Brazilian education. The concrete analysis point to an maneuver of the dominant class, in the interest of appropriates itself in every way of the few conquests of the Brazilian working class, aiming to control, silence and interdict the teachers.