Dez anos de FUNDEB: análise da evolução dos gastos e dos principais resultados na rede pública estadual de educação

Abstract

The research aims to analyse the repercussions caused by the mechanisms of Fundeb (Fund for the Development and Maintenance of Elementary Education and Recognition of the Teaching Profession) in the state network of basic education of Alagoas, in the period of 2007 to 2016, the first ten years of the Fund’s existence. For this purpose, a descriptive investigation was chosen, using bibliographic and documentary procedures. The data and information necessary for the work were collected mainly on the websites of the National Institute of Educational Studies and Research Anísio Teixeira (Inep), the National Treasury Secretariat (STN), the State Secretariat Treasury of Alagoas (SEFAZ) and in the Information System on Public Budgets (SIOPE). Fundeb was created in order to promote the expansion of services and the qualitative improvement of education. However, the results of this research show thatthere was a reduction in the number of schools, classes and enrollments in the state education network, especially in elementary education, which continues to be municipalized. For high school, the state education network has lost participation for the private and federal networks, which obtained growth of 17% and 206%, respectively, in the period examined, while the state network dropped -7% in this stage of education. As for the quality of basic education, it was found that, although it increased the average expenditure per student, the state education network has not achieved the goals set for IDEB, besides presenting the highest rates of school dropout and not achieving significant improvements in other important indicators. Concerning the financial analyses carried out, the results show that, due to the mechanisms of Fundeb, the State of Alagoas has been a resource-forwarding for its municipalities, which implies that with the end of Fundeb, forecasted for the year 2020, there will be an increase of resources for the state network, but it will generate damage to municipal finances, if new basic education funding policy is not adopted.