Discussão de casos à beira do leito: uma avaliação no internato do curso de medicina

Abstract

The discussion of clinical cases at the bedside is an active teaching methodology used since the early days of medical education. It offers a wide variety of learning tools necessary for physician training. This type of education has already represented 75% of the training of doctors in formation until the sixties. And despite its validity as an active teaching methodology, there is little in the scientific literature on "how to do it." A script systematized by teachers and preceptors in the scenario of urgency and emergency in pediatrics was proposed to explore this tool, and to extend the possibilities of planning for the practice, aiming to establish a routine in the exercise of teaching, as a way to help students in continuous and significant learning, and contribute to the acquisition of skills and competencies, with greater use of the moment of the visit. The research carried out showed that the discussion at the bedside is effective if conducted in a systematized manner. The results of the questionnaires applied to the students pointed out that several learning strategies that are used stimulate the active search for knowledge, encourage the use of learning and favor the application of this knowledge in practice. Considering the relevance that the discussion of cases at the bedside have in medical education, promoting its systematization proved to be effective for the teaching-learning process in the present study. The improvement of this teaching strategy through the use of resources that explore the richness of a real clinical case, broadens the students' perspective beyond theoretical knowledge and allows them to reflect on clinical practice, professional ethics and respect for different cultures and popular knowledge.