A empatia nos profissionais de enfermagem em situação de urgência e emergência

Abstract

This research aimed to analyze the degree of empathy nursing professionals in emergency services and emergency and assess the relationship between the sociodemographic variables used in the questionnaire with the empathic capacity of the participants. This was a quantitative study, the analytical cross-sectional, with non-probabilistic sample of 230 participants, 59 nurses and 121 nursing professionals of mid-level acting in an emergency hospital and emergency northeastern Brazil. ethical aspects based on the National Health Council Resolution 466/2012 have been respected. After approval by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Alagoas, under no 31506914.1.0000.5013 began collecting data. This was done through two instruments a demographic questionnaire and a Brazilian instrument called Inventory Empathy. The statistics included a descriptive part, through simple and relative frequencies, mean and standard deviation; and also with an analytical part by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Cronbach's alpha at the 95% significance level. The results showed that the nursing professionals scored higher in Affective Perspective and Sensibility outlet than in Interpersonal and Altruism Flexibility; and nurses had higher empathy at all the factors and specifically Altruism; with respect to sociodemographic factors, scored higher on empathy, participants who had higher level of education and those who reported studying in time off. Other findings showed that the association of variables also influences the empathic capacity, such as sex, length of service in the institution and age. The study contributed knowledge about the theme empathy in nursing practice field, as this ability is relevant to these health professionals who routinely face situations of pain and suffering and sometimes are emotionally affected by the bond with the other. It is argued that more studies are carried out and that institutions encourage programs for development of empathy with its professionals, taking into account the benefits produced by the empathic attitude to care.