Programa de Formação Esportiva Atleta na Escola na rede pública municipal de Arapiraca (2013-2014): uma análise da política de massificação da prática esportiva

Abstract

The theme of this work is the policy of massification of sports practice in public schools. The study has as its object the experience of the Program of Sports Training in School - Athlete in the School in the municipal public network education of Arapiraca, in the state of Alagoas, in the years of 2013 and 2014. The Athlete in School Program, happened nationally in 2013 and 2014, it was an initiative of the Ministry of Education, together with the Ministries of Sport and Defence, which aimed to massify sports practice in public schools, since the Olympic Games took place in Brazil 2016. The program was announced as a way to contribute to the development of the Olympic spirit, to identify sporting talents, and to increase school and sports performance for the integral formation of students. In view of the breadth and purpose of the program, this study has questioned the extent to which the logic of massification of the sport phenomenon, motivated by mega-events carried out in Brazil, contributed to the school, teachers and students, provided the valorization and strengthening of sports practice as an object of the pedagogical action of public schools. In this way, the general objective of the research was to know the dynamics of the Athlete at School program in the municipal network of Arapiraca, during the years 2013 and 2014, in order to identify possibilities, limits and contradictions of such strategy of sports training. The theoretical-methodological parameters of the research, of qualitative approach, were supported in historical-dialectical materialism. The methodological procedures included: literature review; survey and documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews recorded and transcribed. The study sample included subjects from five Arapiraca public schools (5 teachers and 8 students), besides the municipal coordination of the program. The experience analysis of the Athlete in the School program in Arapiraca revealed that, although the students' contact with the sports practice occurred, the materiality taken as object was marked by precariousness, improvisation and discontinuity. It was possible to verify the disarticulation of the program about sports policies in general, although the operational design and theoretical orientation of the program were guided by a sports pyramid concept, in which the top is the high performance sport, what is discharacterizing the sport as an element of body culture. The data of the studied schools of Arapiraca reveal that the program was marked by contradictions, mistakes and weaknesses in their materiality, which reflect problems inherent to the politics of massification of the sports practice of which it was its expression. In a more large conception, it has been concluded that the overvaluation of mega events, which guided the implementation of the Sports Training Program in School - Athlete in the School, did not have repercussions on the articulation of sports practice with the pedagogical proposal of Brazilian schools and in a particular way in schools of Alagoas state.