Tendência temporal da variação de peso após 20 anos de idade em adultos no Brasil: Vigitel (2006-2012)

Abstract

The purpose of this dissertation is to contribute to the discussion about weight gain and the change in nutritional status after 20 years of age among Brazilian adults. It is composed of two chapters: Literature Review and Original Article. In the review chapter, the text was divided into 4 sub-items: World secular trend of overweight and obesity; Factors associated with weight gain; Impacts of obesity in the context of public health and Strategies for obesity prevention. The original article "Temporal trend of weight variation after 20 years of age in adults in Brazil: VIGITEL (2006-2012)", aimed to evaluate the variation of weight gain after 20 years of age and the change in nutritional status among adults Brazil, from data generated by VIGITEL, from 2006 to 2012. Data from 7 surveys with a sample of 196,718 individuals aged> 20 to <59 years old were analyzed, excluding pregnant women and the elderly interviewed by the Surveillance System and Risk Factors and Protection for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey (VIGITEL), conducted in the Brazilian capitals and the Federal District from 2006 to 2012. We evaluated the variation of weight gain and the change in the Body Mass Index, considering overweight BMI 25-30 kg / m2 and obese BMI ≥30 kg / m2. Stata 13.0 software was used, with the set of svy commands (survey comands). For temporal analysis, the weight gain per year and sex was calculated according to the sociodemographic variables (region, age, schooling), to establish the change of the nutritional status was considered the nutritional classification at 20 years with the current nutritional status . Men gained an average of about 1.5 kg / year and women had a weight gain of around 3.2 kg per year. Among women, 79% remained eutrophic, although 90% of men aged 21-44 years remained eutrophic. We conclude that the trend of weight gain among adults in Brazil is upward, regardless of sex, schooling and that individuals reaching adult eutrophic age remain in this condition until the later age, which highlights the importance of public policies that encourage the maintenance of eutrophy from childhood.