O silêncio dos docentes: a droga e a violência nas escolas

Abstract

This research results of the confluence of two fields of interest the fear, experienced by the professors, of the violence motivated by the trafic of drugs in public schools in the suburbs of Maceió and the way this interferes with the pedagogical process. The purpose of this study of qualitative approach was to understand the reasons of the school being quiet as to this violence, and if puts in a quandary between denunciation and not denunciation. Regarding this, it was made used of interviews carried through with three professors of State and Municipal schools in Maceió, as well as collections in Alagoas State periodicals of deposition of professors (also in public schools) victimized by the violence. From this point on, one searched to identify the conditions of production of the speech of these professors, and also to debate the relation among the influences of the context interacting with these specific individuals inside the school and the quietness about the violence of the drugs through a psychoanalytical perspective. It was taken as a theoretical reference for the Analysis of the Speech, the prepositions of Michel Pêcheux, theoretical perspective that proposes an arrangement among Linguistic, Psychoanalysis and Marxism. From the first, it was taken the language; from the second, it was taken the concept of unconscious, the imperfection idea that places the possibility of displacement of directions and of transformations and of new interpretations; from the third it was taken the idea that history is moved by the fight of social groups. Still as a theoretical reference, La Taille was appealed in order to understand the relation between violence and ethics; and to Freud and Lacan as a psychoanalytical support for understanding the interpersonal relations of the involved actors in school-community space and of the quietness as to the violence of the drugs by watching the variables between denouncing or not denouncing this violence and also of the perversion relations that involves these relations. The results had allowed the understanding of professor social place. When speaking about violence, the professor criticizes and denies violence as a strategy of defense of his own life, because he knows that drug dealing and delinquency allow perverse structural formations of power relations opening doors to barbarous pacts between the drug dealing and the State, more inclined to domain territories and groups by the use of rude force. The analysis allowed to conclude that exists a relation of perception that is stronger and that representations that move along and for a long time have more power than the legal current speech unfitted to transform the practice. Even if the legal speech defines the procedure, in case of the violence of drugs denounced by the professor, the absence of the State regarding security and the increase of power of the drug dealer end by silencing the professor. This happens because what one demands of the school to recognize and to denounce is an impossible of being performed role: the doubts that are placed due to the constitutive tension of two conflicting positions that generate distinct discursive orders, leads to silence.